What Is Temperature? Easy Explanation for Class 6

Definition of Temperature

CBSE Definition

Temperature is the measure of the degree of hotness or coldness of an object or substance.

When you hold a cup of hot tea, your hand feels warm. When you pick up an ice cube, your hand feels cold. The difference in what you feel is because the tea and the ice have different temperatures.

A higher temperature means an object is hotter. A lower temperature means it is cooler. Temperature tells us how hot or cold something is — nothing more, nothing less.

Temperature is measured using an instrument called a thermometer.

Real-Life Examples of Temperature

Here are temperatures of common things you already know — these make for great exam answers too:

🧊
Ice / Freezing water
0°C
32°F
🧍
Human body
37°C
98.6°F (normal)
Hot tea / coffee
~60–70°C
comfortable to sip
💧
Boiling water
100°C
212°F

💡 Hoshi's tip: The human body temperature card (37°C = 98.6°F) appears in almost every Class 6 Science exam. Write it down once, memorise it.

Unit of Temperature

Temperature is measured in degrees. There are two scales used in Class 6:

  • Celsius (°C) — used in India, in science, and on most thermometers
  • Fahrenheit (°F) — used in some countries, and also shown on clinical thermometers

The symbol ° stands for "degrees." So 37°C is read as "thirty-seven degrees Celsius."

Important Temperature Values to Know

Reference temperatures — CBSE Class 6
Water freezes (ice forms)
0°C
32°F
Normal human body temperature
37°C
98.6°F
High fever threshold
~40°C
104°F
Water boils
100°C
212°F

How Is Temperature Measured?

Temperature is measured using an instrument called a thermometer. Most thermometers contain mercury — a silvery liquid that expands when heated and contracts when cooled. As it moves up or down a thin glass tube, we can read the temperature.

There are two types of thermometers you need to know for Class 6:

  • Clinical thermometer — used to measure body temperature (range: 35°C to 42°C). Has a kink near the bulb.
  • Laboratory thermometer — used to measure temperature in experiments (range: −10°C to 110°C). No kink.

👉 Full comparison in our post: Temperature and Its Measurement — Complete Class 6 Notes

Heat vs Temperature — The Key Difference

Students often mix up heat and temperature. Here is the clear difference:

HeatTemperature
A form of energy A measurement
Flows from hot to cold objects Tells us how hot or cold an object is
Measured in Joules (J) Measured in °C or °F
A large bucket of warm water has more heat than a small cup of boiling water The boiling water has a higher temperature
⚠️ Common mistake

"Heat and temperature mean the same thing." — This is wrong.

Heat is a form of energy. Temperature is how we measure hotness or coldness. If your exam asks "what is temperature?", the answer is not "it is heat." The answer is: "Temperature is the measure of the degree of hotness or coldness of an object."

Always use the word measure or degree of hotness/coldness in your definition.

Exam-Ready Answers

✅ Write exactly this in your exam

Q: What is temperature?

A: Temperature is the measure of the degree of hotness or coldness of an object or substance. It is measured using a thermometer in degrees Celsius (°C) or Fahrenheit (°F).

✅ One-mark answer

Q: What is the unit of temperature?

A: Temperature is measured in degrees Celsius (°C) or degrees Fahrenheit (°F).

✅ Fill in the blank

Q: The normal temperature of the human body is ______.

A: 37°C or 98.6°F